Lee Kuan Yew, the statesman who transformed Singapore from a small port city into a wealthy global hub, has died at the age of 91.
The city-state's prime minister for 31 years, he was widely respected as the architect of Singapore's prosperity.
But he was criticised for his iron grip on power. Under him freedom of speech was tightly restricted and political opponents were targeted by the courts.
A state funeral will be held on 29 March, after a week of mourning.
Mr Lee oversaw Singapore's independence from Britain and separation from Malaysia.
His death was announced by the office of Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, Mr Lee's son, early on Monday.
He died peacefully at Singapore General Hospital at 03:18 on Monday (19:18 GMT on Sunday), the statement said. He had been in hospital for several weeks with pneumonia.
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said he was "deeply saddened" by Mr Lee's death. US President Barack Obama described him as a "giant of history".