Informative Guide in Setting up Local Area Network (LAN).

[redfox775]

---

sa larangan sa computer,networking,programming and other interest in Information Technology i can not claim na maayong laki nako sa tanan, the fact that i been conceded and admitted humbly,was that the reality " you can not carry all of these ALONE,in the process this is a continuing evolution of learning. technology is fast changing and so was the procedure,configurations and many other things attach to it, sa laktod nga pagka sulti there is something i know that you do not know,and you knew something that i don't knew also.the magic word here is SHARING " share what you got and i might share also what i got.respect everyone's capability...from this i had so much more to thank ISTORYA ,and the internet superhighway for being an instrument, a medium where golden and precious knowledge being shared. everybody learned from here..hail to all of us...

[nakaigo]

sa larangan sa computer,networking,programming and other interest in Information Technology i can not claim na maayong laki nako sa tanan, the fact that i been conceded and admitted humbly,was that the reality " you can not carry all of these ALONE,in the process this is a continuing evolution of learning. technology is fast changing and so was the procedure,configurations and many other things attach to it, sa laktod nga pagka sulti there is something i know that you do not know,and you knew something that i don't knew also.the magic word here is SHARING " share what you got and i might share also what i got.respect everyone's capability...from this i had so much more to thank ISTORYA ,and the internet superhighway for being an instrument, a medium where golden and precious knowledge being shared. everybody learned from here..hail to all of us...

Mao ni xay gitawg ug Johari Window...

[SYMBIANIZE]

Dag dag kay @redfox775

"Sa madaling salita wag kang magisip na magaling kana isipin mo na may mas magaling pa sayo or else meron pang below sayo sa nalalaman mo na hindi nila nalalaman"

Its so very impressive to hear the reaction about this topic to everyone participate in this thread and also thanks to thread starter MR STRANGER for her effort to do this kind of thread and very thankful to ISTORYA.NET forum.

for my last world just explore your knowledge and be patient to does people who criticize your work. Someday it become fruitful and do the best that you can be. Sabi pa Think Positive wag kang aayaw!!!

Thanks to all fellow ISTORYANS......

[noliverh]

grabeha mga master oi... daghan jud kaau ko ug napupo nga mga pagtulon-an aning mga pulonga... more power guys!

[boyguapo]

Fibre Optics

The installation and termination of optical fibers used to be regarded as somewhat of a 'Black Art' but with standardization and easier terminating techniques this is no longer true. A basic knowledge of the subject, together with a quick lesson and some practice can get you started in fibre optics, but to really understand the subject and gain full in-depth knowledge will require some formal training.

There are lots of Fibre Optic training companies offering recognised qualifications and a quick search on the net should find one in your area.
If you are in the UK, Optical Technology Training Ltd offer several different courses to choose from including a City & Guilds qualification.

There are also hundreds of books on fibre optics and a search on the Barnes and Noble web site will find nearly 600 titles. Without reviewing them all it is difficult to know what to recommend, but two of the best sellers in this category seem to follow on quite nicely from this page without getting too involved with mathematics. The two books are the Introduction to Fibre-Optics by John Crisp and Understanding Fiber Optics, Third Edition by Jeff Hecht.

Right, lets get on with the lesson

First a bit history
In 1870, John Tyndall demonstrated that light follows the curve of a stream of water pouring from a container, it was this simple principle that led to the study and development of applications for this phenomenon. John Logie Baird patented a method of transmitting light in a glass rod for use in an early colour TV, but the optical losses inherent in the materials at the time made it impractical to use. In the 1950's more research and development into the transmission of visible images through optical fibres led to some success in the medical world, as they began using them in remote illumination and viewing instruments. In 1966 Charles Kao and George Hockham proposed the transmission of information over glass fibre, and they also realised that to make it a practical proposition, much lower losses in the cables were essential. This was the driving force behind the developments to improve the optical losses in fibre manufacturing, and today optical losses are significantly lower than the original target set out by Charles Kao and George Hockham.


The advantages of using fibre optics
Because of the Low loss, high bandwidth properties of fiber cable they can be used over greater distances than copper cables, in data networks this can be as much as 2km without the use of repeaters. Their light weight and small size also make them ideal for applications where running copper cables would be impractical, and by using multiplexors one fibre could replace hundreds of copper cables. This is pretty impressive for a tiny glass filament, but the real benefits in the data industry are its immunity to Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI), and the fact that glass is not an electrical conductor. Because fibre is non-conductive, it can be used where electrical isolation is needed, for instance between buildings where copper cables would require cross bonding to eliminate differences in earth potentials. Fibres also pose no threat in dangerous environments such as chemical plants where a spark could trigger an explosion. Last but not least is the security aspect, it is very, very difficult to tap into a fibre cable to read the data signals.


Fibre construction
There are many different types of fiber cable, but for the purposes of this explanation we will deal with one of the most common types, 62.5/125 micron loose tube. The numbers represent the diameters of the fibre core and cladding, these are measured in microns which are millionths of a metre. Loose tube fibre cable can be indoor or outdoor, or both, the outdoor cables usually have the tube filled with gel to act as a moisture barrier which stops the ingress of water. The number of cores in one cable can be anywhere from 4 to 144 Over the years a variety of core sizes have been produced but these days there are only three main sizes that are used in data communications, these are 50/125, 62.5/125 and 8.3/125. The 50/125 and 62.5/125 micron multi-mode cables are the most widely used in data networks, although recently the 62.5 has become the more popular choice. This is rather unfortunate, because the 50/125 has been found to be the better option for Gigabit Ethernet applications.
The 8.3/125 micron is a single mode cable which until now hasn't been widely used in data networking, this was due to the high cost of single mode hardware. Things are beginning to change because the length limits for Gigabit Ethernet over 62.5/125 fibre has been reduced to around 220m, and now, using 8.3/125 may be the only choice for some campus size networks. Hopefully, this shift to single mode may start to bring the costs down.


What's the difference between single-mode and multi-mode?
With copper cables larger size means less resistance and therefore more current, but with fibre the opposite is true. To explain this we first need to understand how the light propagates within the fibre core.




Light propagation
Light travels along a fiber cable by a process called 'Total Internal Reflection' (TIR), this is made possible by using two types of glass which have different refractive indexes. The inner core has a high refractive index and the outer cladding has a low index. This is the same principle as the reflection you see when you look into a pond. The water in the pond has a higher refractive index than the air, and if you look at it from a shallow angle you will see a reflection of the surrounding area, however, if you look straight down at the water you can see the bottom of the pond. At some specific angle between these two view points the light stops reflecting off the surface of the water and passes through the air/water interface allowing you to see the bottom of the pond. In multi-mode fibres, as the name suggests, there are multiple modes of propagation for the rays of light. These range from low order modes which take the most direct route straight down the middle, to high order modes which take the longest route as they bounce from one side to the other all the way down the fibre.
This has the effect of scattering the signal because the rays from one pulse of light, arrive at the far end at different times, this is known as



Intermodal Dispersion (sometimes referred to as Differential Mode Delay, DMD). To ease the problem, graded index fibres were developed. Unlike the examples above which have a definite barrier between core and cladding, these have a high refractive index at the centre which gradually reduces to a low refractive index at the circumference. This slows down the lower order modes allowing the rays to arrive at the far end closer together, thereby reducing intermodal dispersion and improving the shape of the signal.

kanindot ani imong post bro..

[haxors]

Bookmark sa nako ni. Salamat.

Sir pwede visit ka sa ako thread ug kadtong mga experto diri salamat daan.

https://www.istorya.net/forums/showth...8#post10732118

[tishop1234]

*change the LAN IP of "Router of ISP1" and "Router of ISP2"
example:
Router1 = 192.168.1.1
Router2 = 192.168.1.254

*then disable DHCP service sa usa ka router. its either router1 or router2. (or you can disable both if you want manual tanan)

*manually assign IP address for the 10 PCs
example: 19.168.1.10, 192.168.1.11, 192.168.1.12, 192.168.1.13, and so on but same Gateway IP of the Router's IP with disabled DHCP service.
example: if you disabled the DHCP service of Router2 which is 192.168.1.254, use its IP for the manually assigned PCs

*then leave other 10 units to be automatically assigned by the DHCP service.

this way you will have 2 gateways within the same network. magkita jud mo tanan if magduwa mo DOTA, counter strike hehe!

boss dli lagi maka connect sa internet boss
two router ako use din disable usa ka dhcp nako
router ako gamit kay dlink dir 600
duha kabuok.
helpss..

[redfox775]

boss dli lagi maka connect sa internet boss
two router ako use din disable usa ka dhcp nako
router ako gamit kay dlink dir 600
duha kabuok.
helpss..

please try to check your work group dapat they are in the same workgroup

[tishop1234]

please try to check your work group dapat they are in the same workgroup

yes boss they are the same workgroup
exixting naman ni ako network boss with 15 units den naa usa ka globe
nag add ko ader globe para mabahin tana like sa usa ka router with isp 7 units
den sa usa ka router 8 units with other isp nasad
kaso kato ingon nga disable dhcp ako na to gi do
ma network man pero wa internet ang naka conect sa usa ka router.

[redfox775]

@tishop1234 ah,so you mean to say you got 2 existing connection? am i right?
sa akong na try ako siya ingun ani:
Connecting to Two ISPs with Redundant Routers

In this example, we have two routers in our AS, which has ASN 65500. The first router has a link to the first ISP, whose ASN is 65510: Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router1(config)#interface Serial0 Router1(config-if)#description connection to ISP #1, ASN 65510 Router1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252 Router1(config-if)#exit Router1(config)#interface Ethernet0 Router1(config-if)#description connection to internal network, ASN 65500 Router1(config-if)#ip address 172.18.5.2 255.255.255.0 Router1(config-if)#exit Router1(config)#ip as-path access-list 15 permit ^$ Router1(config)#router bgp 65500 Router1(config-router)#network 172.18.5.0 mask 255.255.255.0 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 172.18.5.3 remote-as 65500 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 172.18.5.3 next-hop-self Router1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.5 remote-as 65510 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.5 filter-list 15 out Router1(config-router)#no synchronization Router1(config-router)#exit Router1(config)#end Router1#

Then the second router connects to the second ISP which uses ASN 65520.
And because these two routers are both members of the same AS, they also must have an iBGP connection:

Router2#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router2(config)#interface Serial1 Router2(config-if)#description connection to ISP #2, ASN 65520 Router2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.6 255.255.255.252 Router2(config-if)#exit Router2(config)#interface Ethernet0 Router2(config-if)#description connection to internal network, ASN 65500 Router2(config-if)#ip address 172.18.5.3 255.255.255.0 Router2(config-if)#exit Router2(config)#ip as-path access-list 15 permit ^$ Router2(config)#router bgp 65500 Router2(config-router)#network 172.18.5.0 mask 255.255.255.0 Router2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.2.5 remote-as 65520 Router2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.2.5 filter-list 15 out Router2(config-router)#neighbor 172.18.5.2 remote-as 65500 Router2(config-router)#neighbor 172.18.5.2 next-hop-self Router2(config-router)#no synchronization Router2(config-router)#exit Router2(config)#end Router2#

but here we have split the functions across two routers to ensure that you can sustain a link failure or a router failure without losing your Internet connection.



The main difference is that we have had to configure an eBGP link from each router to its ISP, as well as an iBGP link between the two routers. Note that we have included the same AS Path filter on both routers to ensure that our network doesn't allow transit routing from one ISP to the other.
However, just as in the single router example, you have to decide how you want to deal with the problem of the excessive number of routes that you will receive from both of these ISPs.
Notice we have included the next-hop-self option for the iBGP peers on both routers:
Router1(config)#router bgp 65500 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 172.18.5.3 remote-as 65500 Router1(config-router)#neighbor 172.18.5.3 next-hop-self
Without this option, the next hop IP address for prefixes learned through Router1 will be the ISP connected to Router1. But even in this simple network, Router2 will not have a route to this next hop address. We could also get around this problem by including static routes on both routers. We discuss the next-hop-self option in more detail in Recipe 9.3.
In this example, we only have two routers inside our AS. You could add more, using exactly the same configuration commands that we used here. However, you need to remember to create a full mesh of iBGP peer relationships between all of these routers. Every BGP router must have a neighbor statement connecting to every other BGP router in the same AS.