Cardinals in first full day of voting for next pope
Posted 02:20am (Mla time) April 19, 2005
Agence France-Presse
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VATICAN CITY – (2nd UPDATE) Roman Catholic cardinals were set to begin their first full day of voting Tuesday after withdrawing into their ultra-secret conclave to elect a successor to Pope John Paul II.
Sequestered behind Vatican walls until they reach agreement on the next spiritual leader of the world's 1.1 billion Catholics, their only communication with the outside world until then will be black smoke signals emitted from a narrow chimney atop the Sistine Chapel.
The first black smoke signal emerged shortly after 8:00 p.m. (1800 GMT) at the end of a tradition-laden day of ceremony, prayer and suspense.
Initially, it appeared to the 20,000 people massed on Saint Peter's Square that the first wisps were white, indicating a successful vote, but the signal soon turned emphatically black, indicating the first of what could be many inconclusive rounds of balloting.
The 115 cardinal electors will henceforth vote four times a day until they reach the required two-thirds majority.
The prelates had embarked on their momentous task Monday with a special mass in St Peter's Basilica led by Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger to pray for God's guidance.
Ratzinger, a close confidant of John Paul II who is among leading candidates to succeed him, used the platform of his homily to defend Church doctrine and condemn the rise of transient ideologies.
Later Monday, the cardinals processed solemnly into the Sistine Chapel for the formal start of the conclave, taking an oath of secrecy and foreswearing politicking.
The master of liturgical ceremonies, Archbishop Piero Marini, then intoned the time-honored words "Extra Omnes," the order for all those not taking part to leave the chapel.
The secret part of the conclave then began with a 15-20-minute meditation delivered by a Czech Tomas Cardinal Spidlik, the second of two that John Paul II decreed in 1996 should be given to help cardinals make up their minds.
Last week, the prelates were warned not to be "ambitious."
The Sistine Chapel, normally packed with tourists admiring the magnificent frescoes including Michelangelo's Last Judgment, has been swept for bugs and a special system will scramble any mobile telephone communications.
With the cardinals now cloistered in their conclave, Vatican watchers henceforth will have the merest scraps of suppositions to divine how the election is proceeding.
As the conclave began, Ratzinger was considered the standard-bearer of a conservative bloc facing liberals spearheaded by Italy's Carlo Maria Martini.
Dionigi Cardinal Tettamanzi, the archbishop of Milan, and also seen as less conservative than Ratzinger, has often been cited as well.
But with the emergence of two apparently equal camps, bookmakers have also listed the likes of Nigeria's Francis Arinze, Jean-Marie Lustiger of France, Brazil's Claudio Hummes and the Honduran Oscar Andres Rodriguez Maradiaga as possible compromise candidates.
Whoever is elected pope will take the Church into a new era after 26 years under John Paul II and at a time when Roman Catholicism faces stern doctrinal and moral dilemmas.
Conservatives want to uphold his strict stance on issues such as abortion, contraception, gays and the ordination of women, but many in the Church have urged a relaxation of certain strictures, notably to allow condoms in the fight against AIDS.
Issuing a clarion call for "clear faith," Ratzinger urged his fellow clerics to be guided by "the concern to bring to everyone the gift of faith and friendship with Christ."