
Originally Posted by
josephdc
Yes, sir, I think I get what you mean. You mean to say that there are facts that can prove a few things about Christianity to be true but not enough to support its central claim, that Jesus is really who he said he is?
According to William Lane Craig, a prominent Christian apologist and author, the truth is that majority of New Testament scholars today actually consider these five as established facts concerning Jesus:
He was crucified. Craig said that this is recognized by historians to be the one indisputable fact about Jesus. Even Robert Funk, the late chairman of the Jesus Seminar, a group of New Testament scholars who are critical of the traditional picture of Jesus, supports the idea that Jesus' crucifixion really took place.
He was buried by Joseph of Arimathea who was a member of the Jewish Sanhedrin. There are multiple and independent attestations to this fact. For example, in the Gospel according to Mark, Matthew and Luke, and independently by John. Also, in Paul's letter to the Corinthians which was probably written earlier than the Gospels.
Some people might say that the New Testament documents are unreliable because they were not "external sources". Actually, the New Testament did not exist as "one book" before 320s AD. The Gospels, Paul's letters, the Book of Acts, etc., were actually separate documents which were written within the first century. So there was no such thing as an "external source," though there were documents that corroborated some of the accounts in the New Testament written by non-Christians, like the Jewish historian Josephus and Pliny the Younger.
His tomb was discovered empty. There is also multiple and independent attestation of this fact in the Gospels and the Book of Acts. It is really unlikely that this account is just made up. Women were the chief witnesses of the empty tomb. That's significant because first-century Palestine had a very patriarchal culture; the testimony of women were not considered reliable. According to Josephus, women weren't even allowed to serve as witnesses in Jewish courts. If the early Christians just made up the story of the empty tomb, they would most likely write that men witnessed the empty tomb, especially the original disciples, not women. Also, all the Jewish authorities had to do to disprove the belief was to produce Jesus' body, but even they did not dispute the empty tomb story.
His post-mortem appearances. This, too, has multiple and independent attestations.
The origin of the disciples’ belief in Jesus’ resurrection. It is amazing that all of a sudden the original disciples found withim themselves the courage to preach the Gospels after his crucifixion. Where did their boldness come from? Was it simply make-believe, an illusion? No sane person is willing to die for an illusion, or a lie. Yet majority of them died horrible deaths to proclaim their beliefs. Jesus' crucifixion and death must've crushed them. Peter even denied knowing Christ after Jesus' capture by the Romans. The other disciples fled and hid. Yet why, all of a sudden after the crucifixion, did they have the folly to declare belief in Jesus? Why the sudden conversion of hundreds of Jews to Christianity?
Luke Timothy Johnson, a prominent New Testament scholar, said that “Some sort of powerful, transformative experience is required in order to explain the origin of the Christian faith," particularly the origin of the belief in the resurrection.
So I guess the best explanation for these facts is that Jesus really died and rose from the dead. His resurrection serves to vindicate his radical personal claims.